Table 1

Types and Number of Reported Revenge Behaviors in Study One[a]

 

1. Initiate new romantic/sexual relationships

A. with intimates

.01 Dated his/her friends (n = 55)

.02 Had sex with his/her friends (n = 51)

.03 Flirted with his/her best friend (n = 20)

.04 Had sex with his/her brother or sister (n = 4)

.05 Dated his/her brother or sister (n = 3)

B. with general others                

.01 Had sexual contact with others (n = 68)

.02 Dated another person who my partner did not know (n = 23)

.03 Kissed others and made sure he/she knew about it (n = 17)

.04 Started a new relationship quickly after breaking up  (n = 16)

C. with rivals             

.01 Dated his/her enemies (n = 9)

.02 Went on a date with a former romantic partner (n = 3)

.03 Had sex with his/her enemies (n = 2)

.04 Talked with his/her enemies (n = 2)

.05 Had sex with a former romantic partner (n = 1)

 

2. Reputation defamation

A. Regarding sexuality: Attempts to reduce the person's positive public image by making them appear sexually undesirable to members of the opposite sex

.01 Made comments about how small his/her sexual attributes were  (n = 7)

.02 Talked negatively about his/her sexual performance (n = 7)

.03 Lied to others about having sex with him/her (n = 4)

.04 Tell people that he/she has a sexually transmitted disease (n = 4)

.05 Spread rumors that he/she cheated and lied in  the relationship (n = 2)

.06 Put a gay pride sticker on his/her vehicle (n = 1)

B. Related to general embarrassment: Attempts to reduce the person’s positive public image by illuminating personal or negative aspects of the person

.01 Told his/her secrets in public (n = 8)

.02 Gave out his/her phone number to strangers (n = 3)

.03 Insulted him/her in public (n = 3)

.04 Got him/her in trouble with the law (n = 3)

.05 Showed nude pictures of him/her to other people (n = 3)

.06 Distributed embarrassing pictures of him/her (n = 2)

.07 Wrote stuff all over public restrooms about him/her (n = 1)

C. Regarding emotional and physical abuse: Attempts to reduce the person's positive public image by making them appear emotionally or physically aggressive to others.        

.01 Spread rumors about the relationship that made him/her appear overbearing (n =8)

.02 Told family members that he/she sexually abused me  (n = 1)

 

3. Active distancing: Withdrawal of one's physical or emotional accessibility to the other

.01 Stopped communicating completely (n = 75)

.02 Broke up with him/her (n = 16)

.03 Avoided spending time with him/her (n = 3)

.04 Not inviting him/her to go places (n = 7)

.05 Left without saying where I've gone (n = 3)

.06 Kept secrets from him/her (n = 2)

 

4. Resource damage: Attempts at ruining or destroying one's personal property

.01 Vandalized his/her car (n = 53)

.02 Ruined his/her personal property (n = 28)

.03 Vandalized his/her house (n = 14)

.04 Disposed of his/her clothes (n = 6)

.05 Ruined his/her personal documents on the computer (n = 1)

.06 Cut power to his/her house (n = 1)

 

5. Manipulation attempts: Strategies designed to control and/or induce thoughts, emotions, or behaviors

.01 Flirted with others and made sure he/she knew about it (n = 32)

.02 Flaunted new romantic partners (n = 14)

.03 Pretended to forget about him/her (n = 7)

.04 Stood him/her up on a date (n = 7)

.05 Made him/her feel guilty (n = 4)

.06 Acted happy in front of him/her (n = 2)

.07 Threatened to sleep with someone else (n = 2)

.08 Kidnapped his/her children (n = 2)

.09 Kidnapped his/her pets (n = 2)

.10 Told him/her that I had AIDS when I actually do not. (n = 1)

.11 Told him that I contracted an STD from him/her (n = 1)

.12 Told him that I was pregnant (women only) (n = 1)

.13 Got pregnant (women only) (n = 1)

.14 Told him/her that someone he/she didn't like was hitting on me (n = 1)

 

6. Harassment: Persistent attempts at staying in contact and/or threatening the target

.01 Made verbally abusive comments to him/her (n = 29)

.02 Made harassing phone calls (n = 17)

.03 Followed him/her around (n = 9)

.04 Sent hate mail (n = 7)

.05 Called him/her a slut or a tramp (n = 4)

.06 Access voicemail or email to spy on him/her (n = 2)

.07 Hired a private investigator (n = 1)

.08 Had new romantic partner harass ex (n = 1)

.09 Gave him/her the evil eye (n = 1)

.10 Told him/her that he/she was fat (n = 1)

 

7. Sabotage/disrupt social connections: Moves to challenge the status-quo of the person's current relationships

.01 Turned his/her family and friends against  him/her (n = 18)

.02 Told his/her new romantic interest bad things about him/her (n = 13)

.03 Told his/her parents what he/she did (n = 6)

.04 Hung out with all of his/her friends (n = 4)

.05 Made his/her new romantic interest jealous by flirting with him/her (n = 2)

.06 Became friends with ex-partner's new romantic interest (n = 2)

.07 Yelled at his/her parents (n = 1)

 

8.   RESOURCE withdrawal: Active moves toward keeping an individual away from his or her financial or property resources

.01 Stole his/her belongings (n = 16)

.02 Spent his/her money (n = 10)

.03 Took back all the gifts I had given him (n = 7)

.04 Withheld his/her property from him/her (n = 4)

.05 Withheld money from him/her (n = 2)

 

9. Relationship invalidation: Acts designed to disconfirm positive notions about the state of the relationship

.01 Destroyed old letters, gifts, and memorabilia from the relationship (n = 10)

.02 Said the relationship meant less than it did (n = 6)

.03 Left his/her belongings on the porch (n = 3)

.04 Destroyed our mutual belongings (n = 2)

.05 Went against his/her decisions (n = 2)

.06 Had sex with him/her and said that I did not like it (n = 2)

.07 Had sex with him/her and left right afterward (n = 1)

.08 Accused him/her of cheating (n = 1)

 

10.  Threats/attacks against romantic rival: Aggressive moves against the rival

.01 Physically attacked his/her new romantic interest (n = 17)

.02 Was rude to his/her new romantic interest (n = 7)

.03 Threatened to beat up his/her new romantic interest (n = 4)

.04 Vandalized the car of his/her new romantic interest (n = 2)

.05 Spread rumors about his/her new romantic interest (n = 1)

 

11. Physical threats and assault AGAINST ROMANTIC PARTNER: Attempts at causing physical harm to the person

.01 Physically harmed him/her (n = 17)

.02 Threw things at him/her (n = 3)

.03 Poisoned him/her (n = 3)

.04 Had another person physically harm him/her (n = 2)

.05 Slammed the door on him/her (n = 1)

.06 Spit on him/her (n = 1)

 

12.  iNTIMACY WITHDRAWAL

Withhold sex and affection from him/her (n = 14)

 

13. Self-harm: Acts that result in physical, psychological, or social danger to one's self

.01 Used excessive alcohol or drugs (n = 7)

.02 Went out with friend who tend to be bad influences (n = 2)

.03 Tried to commit suicide (n = 1)

.04 Got bad grades in school (n = 1)

 

14. financial damage: Attempts to damage one's future financial standing

.01 Sued him/her (n = 2)

.02 Got him/her fired from his/her job (n = 2)

.03 Demanded that he/she repay loans that I had given to them (n = 1)

 

15. Change/alter appearance

.01 Dressed sexier (n = 2)

.02 Changed my physical appearance (n = 2)

 

16. Other

Wished harm on him/her (n = 1)

 

[a] Please direct all correspondence to: Steve Yoshimura, Department of Communication Studies, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812.